UPDATE (Just in case anyone cares): Got the car running again, turns out it wasn't actually getting fuel. Bad fuel pump connection. I reseated the wires and everything seems okay on that front.
More importantly, the new O2 sensor fixed all of my problems! I had a really funky idle (sometimes it'd be near-stall low, and sometimes it would be up at 1500), stuttering/hesitation on acceleration, and loss of power all over the rev range, as well as a 1244 CEL code that would go on and off as I drove around. Since installing the new sensor, all of that's gone, including the CEL, which was starting to worry me. All fixed for around $45.
I hope this helps someone else who might be having the same problem as me.